DNA, RNA, & PROTEINS REVIEW
(We did this one in class)

1. Making a copy of DNA is called _________________________.

2. Which nitrogen base isn’t used during this process?

3. Name the enzyme you learned about that adds the complementary nucleotides and spell checks to make sure the new copy is correct.

http://bio.usuhs.mil/biochem4.html

 

 

4. The beadlike bundles that form when DNA wraps up are called _________________.

5. Name the protein in the center of the bundle that DNA wraps around.

 

Image from: Biology; Miller and Levine; Pearson Education publishing as Prentice Hall; 2006

 

 

 

 6. This process of making copying an RNA message from the DNA code is called ____________________.

 

7. Tell where in the cell this happens in a eukaryotic cell.

Image from: http://www.wappingersschools.org/RCK/staff/teacherhp/johnson/visualvocab/mRNA.gif

 

8. USE THE mRNA CODE WHEEL to tell the amino acid sequence coded for by the following message:

      U C A A A A U U C  

 

Image from:
Biology; Miller and Levine; Pearson Education publishing as Prentice Hall; 2006
 

 

 

9. Which kind of RNA has an ANTICODON region and carries the amino acids to the ribosome?  

10. B = ?

 

11. F = ?

 

12. C = ?  

 
Image from:  Biology; Miller and Levine; Pearson Education publishing as Prentice Hall; 2006
 

13. Tell one way DNA is different from RNA.

 

14.

15. What do we call the small pieces of RNA that are edited out of the mRNA message before it is expressed?

 

 
Image by Riedell

16. Tell what form DNA would be found in during REPLICATION and TRANSCRIPTION.

                CHROMOSOMES          CHROMATIN

17. When making DNA, CYTOSINE always pairs with _______________________.

18. Using an RNA message to make a protein is called _______________________.
 

 

19. Name  this subunit used to build DNA and RNA.

Image by Riedell

 

 

20. Name the spot where RNA polymerase attaches to the DNA during TRANSCRIPTION.

 

21. Give the complementary DNA strand.

             A T T G C C A G C

 

22. NAME THIS KIND OF RNA.  

23. Name the molecule attached at the arrow. 

Image modified from: Biology; Miller and Levine; Pearson Education publishing as Prentice Hall; 2006

           

 

24. What is the type of mutation called where a piece of DNA breaks off, flips, and reattaches so that it reads backwards?

       A. substitution

       B. insertion

       C. inversion

       D. translocation

 

 

 

25. PROTEIN SYNTHESIS could also be called ___________________.

 

26. Nitrogen bases made up of TWO RINGS are called ________________

 

27. What is the name of the mutation which one nucleotide in a code is replaced by another (A replaces C)?

A. DELETION
B. INSERTION
C. TRANSLOCATION
D. SUBSTITUTION

 

 

 

 

 

 

http://www.life.uiuc.edu/bio100/lectures/s97lects/16GeneControl/lac_operon_ind.GIF
 28. Tell where the REPRESSOR binds to the lac operon to turn it off.

 

29. In what kind of cell would you find a TATA box to control genes.

                    PROKARYOTE                EUKARYOTE

 

 

 

 

 

Image from: http://www.biologyonline.org/2/8_mutations.htm
 
 30. Name this kind of mutation.

 

31.  TRUE OR FALSE:

       ALL MUTATIONS ARE HARMFUL.

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

Image by Riedell

 32. Name this subunit used to build PROTEINS.

 



 

 

 

 

 

 

Image from:
Biology; Miller and Levine; Pearson Education publishing as Prentice Hall; 2006
33.    E = ?

 

34. Name the nucleic acid that is double stranded and contains deoxyribose sugar.

 

35. Name the woman whose X-ray images of DNA helped James Watson and Francis Crick to figure out the structure of DNA.


 

 

 

 



http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosalind_Franklin

 

 

 

 



http://www.time.com/time/time100/scientist/profile/watsoncrick.html

 36. Name the enzyme involved with TRANSCRIPTION.

hox

43. Name the genes that control the growth and differentiation of cells
and the sequence of development in embryos.

 

Image from:
Biology; Miller and Levine; Pearson Education publishing as Prentice Hall; 2006
 

CHECK ANSWERS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ANSWERS

1.replication
2. uracil
3. DNA polymerase
4. nucleosome
5. histone
6. transcription
7.  in nucleus
8.  serine-lysine-phenylalanine
9.  tRNA
10. mRNA
11. codon
12. ribosome
13.

DNA
Double stranded
contains deoxyribose sugar
A,T,G,C
No uracil
Carries genetic information
Stays in nucleus		 RNA
Single stranded
contains ribose sugar
A,U,G,C
No thymine
Carries info from DNA to cytoplasm; 
helps with protein synthesis
Made in nucleus; works in cytoplasm


14. hox genes
15. introns
16. chromatin
17. guanine
18. translation
19. nucleotide
20. promoter
21. T A A C G G T C G
22. tRNA
23. amino acid
24. C - inversion
25. translation
26. purines
27.  D. SUBSTITUTION
28. operator
29. Eukaryotes have TATA boxes
30. inversion
31. False; mutations that increase survival and reproduction can be helpful
32. Amino acid
33. anti-codon
34. DNA
35. Rosalind Franklin
36. RNA polymerase