ENZYMES

2017 #3     Free-Response Questions          Scoring Guidelines               Sample Responses Q3
Use codon chart to predict mutation
Impact of amino acid substitution
Mutations
Phenotype/genotype

2010 #2  2010 All Questions         RUBRIC               Sample Responses Q2
Amylase Enzyme Lab
Make a graph from data provided
Calculate reaction rate
Explain changes in graph over time
Make a graph prediction about doubling amylase concentration
Explain the effect of environmental factors on enzyme activity

2008 #1  2008 All Questions      Scoring Guidelines       Sample Responses Q1
Bonds/interactions in proteins
How protein structure impacts function in
~ muscle contraction
~ Regulation enzyme activity
~ Cell signaling
Sickle cell hemoglobin mutation
Heterozygote advantage

2006B #2   2006B All Questions             Scoring Guidelines            Sample Responses Q2
Impact of structure on function of:
~ enyzme/catalysis
~ RNA/protein synthesis
~ cell membranes/signal transduction
~ membrane proteins/facilitated diffusion & active transport

2000 #1   2000 All Questions         Scoring Guidelines           Sample Responses Q1
Effect of temperature/pH on enzyme activity
Enzyme structure/function
Describe experiment
State hypothesis

OLD FRQ's  prior to 1995

(1994)    Enzymes are biological catalysts.
        a.     Relate the chemical structure of an enzyme to its specificity and catalytic activity.
        b.     Design a quantitative experiment to investigate the influence of pH or temperature on the activity of an enzyme.
        c.     Describe what information concerning the structure of an enzyme could be inferred from your experiment.

  (1981)    Discuss the biological importance of each of the following organic compounds in relation to cellular structure and function in plants and animals.
     a. Carbohydrates  
     b. Proteins   
     c.  Lipids  
     d. Nucleic Acids

(1978) Give specific examples to illustrate the theory of enzyme action, and include in your discussion the effects of each of the following:
        a.     Substrate concentration
        b.     pH shifts
        c.     Temperature shifts
        d.     Competitive inhibition.

(1975)    Describe the chemical compositions and configuration of enzymes and discuss the factors that modify enzyme structure and/or function.

(1973)    Hypotheses derived from laboratory experiments and field observations have been advanced to explain the origin of life on earth. Starting with a probable prelife environment, describe the formation and evolution of the various trophic forms (nutrition types) to and including unicellular organisms. Describe at least one experiment whose results support one of these scientific hypotheses.

(1972)    A class of biology students performed an experiment on the digestion of starch by salivary amylase. Each student determined the length of time required for different dilutions of his saliva to digest completely a standard concentration of starch. Iodine was used to test for the presence of starch. The results obtained by some of the class are summarized in the table below.  

TIME REQUIRED FOR THE DISAPPEARANCE OF STARCH WITH VARIOUS SALIVA DILUTIONS(saliva: H2O)

Student                1:9 (10%)                1:19 (5%)              1:49 (2%)              1:99 (1%)

        A                     45 seconds            50 seconds            100 seconds          135 seconds
        B                     (no end point)
        C                     90 seconds            100 seconds          200 seconds          270 seconds
        D                     260 seconds          300 seconds          600 seconds          800 seconds

        a.     Present the data for Student A in graphic form.
        b.     Carefully examine the data collected by the four students above and state as many conclusions as you can that are supported by these data.
        c.     Assuming there have been no errors in techniques, form as many hypotheses as you can to explain the differences observed.
        d.     Design one experiment to test the validity of one hypothesis. Clearly state what data you would want to collect in this experiment to test your hypothesis.

(1969)    Proteins functioning as enzymes exhibit precise specifications. Discuss the levels of structural organization within proteins which are responsible for specific molecular interaction.    

(1968)    Suppose that you have isolated an extract from a tissue and you have found that the extract speeds up the rate of a particular reaction. What kind of information would you need to demonstrate that the substance responsible for increasing the rate of this reaction is an enzyme? Explain how this information would indicate that the catalytic effect is due to an enzyme.